Bridge Report:（6090）Human Metabolome Technologiesthe fiscal year ended June 2020

Katuhito Hashizume　President	Human Metabolome Technologies (6090)

Company Information

Stock Information

*The share price is the closing price on the end of October 20. The numbers are taken from brief financial report of FY 6/20.

Earnings Trend

*Unit: million yen. Forecasts are those of the Company. Due to the change in the fiscal year end, the fiscal year ended June 2019 is 15 months. Net income is net income attributable to owners of the parent. The same applies hereinafter.

This Bridge Report provides overview of the fiscal year ended June 2020 earnings results, etc. of Human Metabolome Technologies Inc.

Table of Contents

Key Points
1.Company Overview
2.Fiscal Year ended June 2020 Earnings Results
3.Fiscal Year ending June 2021 Earnings Forecasts
4.Progress and efforts of the two businesses
5.Interview with President Hashizume
6.Conclusions
＜Reference: Regarding Corporate Governance＞

Key Points

• The sales for the FY ended June 2020 were 1,118 million yen. In the metabolomics business, efforts were made to strengthen the sales system both in Japan and overseas, and sales progressed favorably, reaching a record level. Operating loss was 17 million yen. Losses have been significantly reduced due to cost reductions by productivity improvements. Both sales and profit have exceeded the respective initial estimates.

   

• For the FY ending June 2021, sales are expected to increase 82 million yen year on year to 1,200 million yen, and operating income is estimated to return to profitability at 20 million yen. With efforts being made to expand the new analysis menu, strengthen the global sales system, and more, continued sales growth is expected. Although the impact of the novel coronavirus has given rise to negative factors such as delays in the arrival of measurement samples, positive factors such as increased activity in research are also considered, so the effects are considered to be minor as of now. In both businesses, research and technological development will continue without slackening, and they aim to move into the black through an increasing analysis operation rate, improving productivity, and appropriate cost controlling.

   

• We asked President Hashizume about the company mission and his mission as the President, as well as his policy for dealing with the biomarker business. As a company, the mission is to contribute to solving social issues such as increasing medical costs through actualizing preventive medicine and individualized medicine, which are areas that will take on greater importance in the future. As the President, he sets his mission to establish a revenue base as soon as possible. In the biomarker business, he will pursue investment recovery from multiple perspectives.

   

• The FY ended June 2020 ended with remarkable earnings results, including a record-breaking level of sales and substantial loss reduction. While the company's dominance in the metabolome analysis market remains unchanged, the company strengthened the sales system, and sales have increased in all fields and all regions. Orders in Japan, North America and Europe are also strong, and we can expect steady growth in this term as well. With this business as the driver, we want to pay great attention to whether this term will be the first term to record a profit.

   

• At the same time, the biomarker business has also embarked on business operation with a new approach and business model, with early commercialization in mind. It is hard to expect the top line expanding and the business becoming profitable all at once, but we would like to continue to pay close attention to their progress.

   

1.Company Overview

Human Metabolome Technologies Inc. is a venture company originated from Keio University that provides contract metabolomic analysis service and biomarker development for research institutes and pharmaceutical companies. Its metabolome analysis technology is highly recognized throughout the world as a basic methodology. Its business model is to steadily generate profit through the commissioned metabolomics business while investing in and working on research and development of biomarkers which estimates future　prospects. The company is pursuing continuous growth with a stable revenue base under this strategy.

1-1 Corporate History

In 2001, Professor Tomoyoshi Soga of Keio University, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, developed a system to measure broad species of small-molecule metabolites (metabolome), which is called the CE-MS system. The new innovative system realized to capture a wide range of metabolites at once, while none of the conventional approaches do not, which means it used to be necessary to involve multiple experimental conditions, each of which has a small coverage.

Human Metabolome Technologies Inc. was founded in July 2003 by Professor Soga and Professor Masaru Tomita of the same university, Keio University, etc. for the purpose of commercializing an analysis service using this technology. It was the first venture company originated from Keio University, with a financial support from Keio University’s entrepreneurship fund.

The Company promoted research and development of its core technologies and began organizing and establishing more specific commercialization process and business models in order to accelerate its growth speed through enhancing its visibility and raising funds for research and development. The Company got listed on the Mothers Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange in December 2013, ten years after its establishment. Under President Hashizume, who took office in September 2019, the company will strongly acknowledge the importance of how their output will be accepted by the world in the form of sales, and aim to expand its revenue by utilizing the technology and research they have cultivated so far as their foundation.

1-2 Corporate Philosophy

The Company defines the meaning of its existence as follows.
“To contribute to people’s health and joyful lives through research and development using the up-to-date metabolome analysis technologies for children in the future.”

The Company also sets the following 5 “Common Values”

1-3 Points to Understand the Company

The Company’s business overview is described later in this report together with the explanation of key words, “metabolomics” and “biomarker”; however, many technical terms show up in the section, and that may prevent the readers from understanding. Here are three points briefly provided before jumping to the section to glancing at the Company’s business scope.

① Significance of Social Presence
Biomarkers are in vivo compounds that are used as indicators to assess the current state of specific diseases. “Blood sugar” for diabetes, “γ-GPT” for liver function disorder, and “uric acid” for gout are the representative examples of well-known and widely used biomarkers.
The company is working on the development of evaluation indicators for mental condition, in the mental health field centered on depression, which is currently a major social problem.

It is estimated that there are about 5 million people suffering from depression (a mood disorder) in Japan and about 320 million people worldwide as of 2015, so better treatment and prevention methods are strongly desired.
For that reason, development of objective indicators and examination technology based on scientific data are indispensable, and the mental condition evaluation indicators the company is developing will play a major role in that.
Besides mental health, the company is developing biomarkers for MCI (mild cognitive impairment) and diabetic nephropathy, and aiming for searching biomarkers related to various other diseases.

In Japan, the increase in medical expenses has become a major issue, and the importance of preventive medicine and individualized medicine is increasing. In this situation, the company aims to reduce social loss and contribute to the medical system through the development of biomarkers, which has high social significance.

② Excellent Technological Capacities
Metabolome analysis is a comprehensive investigation of the behavior of metabolites in the body, which is also used in the search for biomarkers and the like. The company is highly valued for this technology.
The biomarker for depression that the company is developing is only just one example, and they are working on research and development of multiple biomarkers. It is expected that various new biomarkers will be discovered and developed in the future by metabolome analysis technology.

③ Stable Business Model
The Company’s current core business is the “commissioned metabolomics business”, supporting research and development activities of research institutions and pharmaceutical companies that occupy the greater part of its sales. Sales of FY June 2020 were 1,114 million and operating income was 457 million, showing steady income. On the other hand, the “biomarker business”, which is expected to achieve significant growth in the mid- to long-term, is still operated in a small scale and experiencing losses. However, the Company has already established a balanced business model, in which the profit generated from the commissioned metabolomucs business is invested into the biomarker business for its growth. This model is notable among many bio-venture companies that are suffering from gaining profit.

1-4 Metabolomics and Biomarker

In order to understand the outline of the Company’s business activities, it is necessary to have a certain understanding of two key words, “metabolomics” and “biomarker”.

<What is metabolomics?>
Living organisms including human beings consist of some parts with various functions such as muscles, internal organs, and bones. “Metabolites” such as amino acids, fatty acids, and nucleic acids are common and major components of these organs. Metabolites play crucial roles for entire life activities.

Metabolites are provided by food and are consumed in the process of daily actions such as exercise. They move in a body and cells in accordance with their functions and are converted into new compounds through various chemical reactions, which are called “metabolism”. Adjusting body temperature, breathing, moving heart, digesting and absorbing food, transforming old cells into new ones are all operated by metabolism. The “compound conversion” to a new compound is based on a certain flow called metabolic pathway.

One of well-known approaches to understand the mechanisms of a human body is “genomics”, analyzing genes. Now, automated sequencing and computer analysis of genetic information (DNA base sequences) is available, and nearly all the information in the human genome has already been deciphered. However, much about the relationship between the roles of genes and diseases remains unknown. Recently, more researchers lean towards investigating metabolic profiles, in addition to genetic information coming out of genome analysis, in order to understand the relationships between a human body and diseases. Consequently, research and use of “metabolomics (metabolome analysis)” targeting all metabolites is becoming increasingly popular.

The metabolome analysis is mainly used in the following fields:

<What are biomarkers?>
A human body puts various vital functions under high-sophisticated manipulation to minimize internal and external influences, and subsequently keeps the body condition stable. That mechanism is called “homeostasis”. For example, body temperature and heartbeat may change temporarily, but return to regular ranges.

Diseases lead abnormal homeostasis and metabolic compound, which are different from those in healthy conditions. This metabolite compound is called a biomarker. By measuring a biomarker, the current status of a specific disease can be objectively assessed.
Blood sugar as a pancreas function indicator, γ-GTP as a liver function indicator, biomarker PSA for prostatic cancer and biomarker CA19-9 for pancreatic cancer are examples of well-known biomarkers.

Biomarkers have been studied for a long time in order to monitor the status of diseases. These days, with new methods to analyze multiple compounds with higher sensitivity all at once, study results of various new biomarkers have been publishing one after another. Among the biomarkers that are explored through metabolomics technologies are the followings:

1-5 Business Contents and Business Model

The main businesses pillars of the Company are the “metabolomics business” and “biomarker business”.

In the “metabolomics business”, while spreading the cutting-edge foundational technology of the CE-MS method to research institutes, pharmaceutical and food companies, etc., they expanded the market from research support to industrial support, operated the metabolomics business both domestically and internationally, and secured a revenue base.

On the other hand, “biomarker business” is a growth engine for medium to long-term expansion strategies.
At the moment, the scale is small and they are recording a loss, but they are investing the profits generated in the metabolomics business to biomarker business, and with biomarker search technology established through metabolomics analysis, they aim to create innovative examination technologies and the like.

Through the growth of both businesses, they aim to contribute to preventive medicine and individualized medicine, which will become increasingly important in the future.

（Source: the company）

① Metabolomics Business
“Sales were 1,114 million yen and operating income was 457 million yen for FY June 2020”
The Company receives orders from various customers, e.g., private companies such as pharmaceutical companies and food companies as well as universities and public research institutes.

The scheme of the service is as follows. A customer sends samples to the Company, and then metabolites are extracted from the samples. The extracted metabolites are measured by the CE-MS system, and the acquired data is analyzed. After all, the report is delivered to the customer. The data obtained from the service are used for various purposes; basic biological study, assessment of drug effectiveness and toxicity assessment by pharmaceutical companies, universities, and research institutions, analysis of fermentation process and functional evaluation of functional foods by food companies. The data is contributing to the progress of research and development activities of customers. In recent years, not only healthcare, food, but also interest towards healthcare companies are emerging rapidly. The Company has not only accumulated a wealth of achievements with about 5,540 tests since the foundation up to the fiscal year June 2018, but also receives a high reputation from customers for their quality.

◎Deployment in the Overseas Market
In order to distribute the commissioned metabolome analysis service in Asia, the Company concluded an exclusive sales authority agreement with Young In Frontier Co., Ltd (The present: A Frontier Co., Ltd.). in South Korea in June 2011. Moreover, the Company hired a sales representative in charge of Asia-Pacific area to develop Asian market including Singapore and Hong Kong, outside of South Korea. Furthermore, in order to expand its business in the North American market, it also established its sales subsidiary, Human Metabolome Technologies America, Inc., in October 2012 at Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, home to many medical research institutions.
In order to further accelerate overseas development, in May 2017, the company established a subsidiary (sub-subsidiary) "Human Metabolome Technologies Europe B.V." in Europe (Netherlands) through HMT-A.

② Biomarker Business
“Sales were 4 million JPY and operating loss was 161 million JPY for FY June 2020”
The Company considers the business related to biomarkers, which play an important role in occasions such as early diagnosis or monitoring treatment effects, as a driver for future growth, and is proceeding with biomarker discovery and development of clinical test drugs through collaborative research and development with universities, testing companies.

Furthermore, in order to make the business profitable early, the company is developing a new business portfolio in the mental health (mentality evaluation) and the Exosome-related sectors.

◎Example of Biomarker Business: Depression Biomarker
The Company especially focuses its research and development on a) the mental disorder such as depression (e.g. mood disorder and mental disorder) for which there are few objective diagnosis methods b) diseases that
have become social problems such as metabolic syndrome, including hepatitis and diabetes, and their related diseases. Its current focus is the biomarker for depression.

Diagnosis of the major depressive disorder is conducted using the diagnostic standards provided by the American Psychiatric Association or the standards of the World Health Organization (WHO). However, both of them largely reflect the subjective view of the doctor or patient, and unlike other diseases, no diagnostic method has been established on the basis of objective indicators.
The Company conducted collaborative research with the National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry and discovered a blood biomarker of the major depressive disorder.
Blood samples were collected from approximately 30 patients and 30 healthy people, and the blood components were compared through metabolome analysis using the CE-MS system. As a result, the patients with major depressive disorder showed lower concentration of (PEA) in their serum.
Subsequent analysis has shown that PEA is a biomarker specific to major depressive disorder among psychiatric disorders, and that when major depressive disorder is cured, it returns to the standard health value. In 2018, these findings were published in a paper in the academic journal of the Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology.

As of June 2017, basic patents regarding methods for measuring biomarkers for depression have been registered in Japan, the United States, and China. The patent already filed in Europe is under patent evaluation. Patents on the method for measuring ethanolamine phosphate (PEA) have been registered in all four agencies, Japan, the United States, China, and Europe.

◎Identification of Disease Biomarkers
The Company uses the following three connections and systems for identifying biomarkers in order to expand biomarker development pipelines.

＜Connection with the Customers for Commissioned Analysis or Collaborative Development＞
The Company accepts requests from universities and companies for the tests for finding biomarkers. The Company also receives proposals for collaborative development before or after the tests. Currently, a collaborative development project for diabetic nephropathy biomarkers is ongoing.

＜Direct Proposal to Researchers and Physicians＞
The Company’s researchers directly propose research plans for the development of disease biomarkers to researchers or physicians and establish collaborative study agreement with the institution based on approvals from the collaborative researchers or physicians. The target diseases are chosen according to the number of patients, compatibility to the analysis technologies of the Company, degree of social contribution, and necessity of biomarkers.

＜HMT Research Grant for Young Leaders in Metabolomics＞
The Company offers a grant (HMT Research Grant for Young Leaders in Metabolomics) to disseminate the usefulness of metabolomics in the society and nurture young researchers since 2009. From the research themes submitted from researchers across the world, the Company chooses excellent proposals, and supports their research by awarding metabolome analysis service without a fee. Some of these study results actually led to the identification of biomarkers and evolved to collaborative study with the Company, for example, infectious disease-related encephalopathy biomarker.

2. Fiscal Year ended June 2020 Earnings Results

(1) Consolidated Business Results

*Unit: million yen. Compared the same period, because FY 6/19 is the 15-month term from April 2018 to June 2019.

Sales reached a record level, due to the increase in sales of the metabolomics business. Losses were significantly reduced.
The sales for the FY ended June 2020 were 1,118 million yen. In the metabolomics business, efforts were made to strengthen the sales system both in Japan and overseas, and sales progressed favorably, reaching a record level. Operating loss was 17 million yen. Losses have been significantly reduced due to cost reductions by productivity improvements. Both sales and profit have exceeded the respective initial estimates.

(2) Highlights by Major Segment

◎Metabolomics business

*Unit: million yen. Compared the same period, because FY 6/19 is a 15-month period from April 2018 to June 2019.

They made efforts to strengthen the sales strategy and sales system, and focused efforts on developing new markets centered on the healthcare and medical industries.
Profit increased due to increased sales and improved productivity.

◎Biomarker business

*Unit: million yen. Compared the same period, because FY 6/19 is a 15-month period from April 2018 to June 2019.

While continuing development of measurement methods, clinical performance evaluation, and the like for the commercialization of depression biomarkers, they were engaged in business development and research development for new pipelines and biomarker related business.

(3) Financial standing and cash flows

◎Main BS

*Unit: million yen

Total assets increased 170 million yen from the end of the previous term to 1,538 million yen due to an increase in cash, etc. Total liabilities augmented 169 million yen to 322 million yen from the end of the previous term, due to an increase in accounts payable, etc. With an expansion of the deficit of retained earnings, net assets have remained almost unchanged.
As a result, capital-to-asset ratio fell 10.1 points from 82.7% at the end of the previous term to 72.6%.

3．Fiscal Year ending June 2021 Earnings Forecasts

(1) Earnings Forecasts

*Unit: million yen. The forecasted values were provided by the company.

The company will work on the sustainable growth of sales, and operating income's returning of profitability
For the FY ending June 2021, sales are expected to increase 82 million yen year on year to 1,200 million yen, and operating income is estimated to return to profitability at 20 million yen. With efforts being made to expand the new analysis menu, strengthen the global sales system, and more, continued sales growth is expected. Although the impact of the novel coronavirus has given rise to negative factors such as delays in the arrival of measurement samples, positive factors such as increased activity in research are also considered, so the effects are considered to be minor as of now. In both businesses, research and technological development will continue without slackening, and they aim to move into the black through an increasing analysis operation rate, improving productivity, and appropriate cost controlling.

4. Progress and efforts of the two businesses

(1) Metabolomics business

① External environment
Metabolomics has evolved from initially being a technology for academia, such as universities and laboratories, into a technology for the industrial field.
Under these circumstances, the health-related markets of healthy foods, including functional foods, and the health-oriented markets with such keywords as sports, food products, sleep, and stress are expanding. An increasing number of enterprises are interested in the usefulness of metabolomics for grasping human health conditions and aim to develop new businesses related to healthcare. Hence, a new market is emerging, and the chances to acquire new clients are increasing.

In the field of development of medicines, there are growing needs for various things, including the research into intestinal bacteria, the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment methods for neuropsychiatric disorders, such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease, the practical application of medical technologies, including medicines for refractory diseases, and the search for biomarkers for anticancer companion diagnostic agents, and the use of metabolomics is increasingly considered effective.
As for overseas situations, the scale of the U.S. market is about 5 times larger than that of the Japanese market, this business can be expected to grow significantly inside and outside Japan.

② Initiatives for the Fiscal Year Ended June 2020
The company promoted penetration into the healthcare/medical industry, sales strengthening, and utilization of distributors.

◎ Penetration into the Healthcare/Medical Industry
Partly due to the effect of the newly added analysis menu, sales from entrusted projects for large-scale tests and comprehensive analysis including lipids, especially for the healthcare and medical industries, have increased.

◎ Sales Strengthening
They established a sales planning department, and strengthened user support. They also conducted sales promotion in line with customer needs.

◎ Utilization of Distributors
As a result of utilizing distributors mainly overseas, they were able to steadily increase orders received.

(2) Biomarker Business

① Areas of Development
With the aim of contributing to preventive medicine and individualized medicine, which will become even more important in the future, they are proceeding with research and development in the following two areas:

② Initiatives and Progress for the Fiscal Year Ended June 2020
◎ Development of Preventative/Pre-symptomatic Mental and Physical Health Indicators
＊Mental health
In addition to accelerating efforts for multi-marker (multiple factors) for developing mental state evaluation indicators, development focusing on prevention and monitoring is ongoing.
They are continuing joint research with multiple universities.

＊Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) biomarker to prevent dementia
About 4.6 million people, 15% of the total Japanese population over 65 years of age, have dementia, and about 4 million people, 13% of the total, are patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate state between normal state and dementia, with forgetfulness but no hindrance to daily life.
However, 10-30% of MCI patients annually progress to dementia. On the other hand, some patients recover to normal levels, with 38.5% reported to have normalized after five years.
The number of dementia patients is expected to reach 8 million in Japan and 130 million worldwide in 2050, and controlling it is a global challenge.

HMT participates in the Hirosaki University’s Hirosaki Center of Healthy Aging Innovation (COI), and in one of the project they participates, Iwaki Health Promotion Project, an MCI marker candidate was discovered through research, COI Young Researcher Collaboration Fund (multi-layer big data analysis for prevention and early detection of dementia) at Hirosaki University and Tohoku University that uses multi-item big data. A contract was signed with both universities for a joint patent application.
This would lead to effective prevention from the early stage before the onset of dementia and the establishment of a very early diagnosis method for dementia.

＊Biomarker for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy
The company is searching for biomarkers for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy through joint research with Japanese universities and is verifying the biomarkers for diabetic nephropathy, which it possesses.
Also, the company established the joint research course “Metabolomics Innovation Course” in the Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University.
The company is building a multi-marker health condition prediction model using machine learning and a future disease risk prediction model by analyzing super-multi-item big data and omics data, mainly metabolomics, obtained from biological samples of the Iwaki Health Promotion Project, etc.

◎ Research support for biomarker search
In the service of undertaking measurement tasks for PEA research, they will implement efforts to reduce measurement costs and aim for further diffusion of the research tests.

As mentioned above, in addition to launching the PEA research measurement service, the company started the exosome purification service using “ExoIntact™ Exosome Purification Reagent Kit” that it started selling in 2019 (developed by Silicon Bio Inc.), to support research and development in the exosome-related fields, which is attracting attention as a treasure house of biomarkers.

5. Interview with President Hashizume

We asked President Hashizume about the company mission and his mission as the President, as well as his policy for dealing with the biomarker business.

＊Company mission and the President’s mission
In recent years, the social significance of companies has been attracting attention, and we define the meaning of our existence as, to contribute to people's health and joyful lives through research and development using the up-to-date metabolome analysis technologies for children in the future.
Especially as the augmentation of medical expenses has become a serious social problem, by making use of our company’s unique technology of metabolome analysis and biomarker exploration, we would like to contribute to solving this social problem through actualizing preventive medicine and individualized medicine, whose importance will grow more and more in the future.

As the President of HMT, my mission is to achieve good results as soon as possible.
At our company, outstanding personnel are engaged in research and development aiming at solving the above-mentioned problem. The most important thing for a company's evaluation is revenue, that works as the indicator whether our efforts are accepted or recognized by the world or not. When I took office as the President, my honest impression was that awareness surrounding this was not sufficiently permeated. But, upon promoting efforts by teams rather than by individuals and strengthening the sales systems, I feel that a radical change in each mind is steadily emerging.
In the future, I would like to continue to build a system for pursuing good results while inheriting the excellent culture that have been cultivated so far.

＊The basic policy for business promotion
Given that human capital and funds are limited, I think that ascertaining what to focus on is of the utmost importance.
In matters of selection and concentration, working on promising areas and niche areas that other companies do not deal with are essential for a venture company.

＊The basic policy for biomarker business
Since our founding, our biomarker business has pursued our business goal: practical use of depression examination and diagnosis. We were able to achieve some results, but if we aim only for testing and diagnosis, there is a possibility of losing larger investment recovery chances. Accordingly, we decided to pursue the possibilities of broader outputs, including healthcare and drug creation. Not limiting ourselves to just the medical field, I would like to pursue investment recovery from multiple perspectives.

＊Focus on open innovation
We have grown with the metabolomics business as our core, but I believe that we do not need to persist only on metabolomics, and that there is a possibility that we can create completely new value by fusing metabolomics with technologies derived from it. Therefore, we need open innovation.
Finding seeds drawn from a wide range of fields and integrate them with our technologies will be an important point for our future growth.
Currently, we are identifying trends in society, collecting diverse information, and screening for the best open innovation destination.

＊Aim to return to profitability this term while making necessary investments
We will continue to proceed steadily with research and development, but given that in this term we will not carry out any particularly large investments, I would like to first achieve profitability and gain resilience. As I mentioned in the beginning, profitability is the indicator that a company is recognized by the world, so I would like to stick to this point.

6．Conclusions

The FY ended June 2020 ended with remarkable earnings results, including a record-breaking level of sales and substantial loss reduction. While the company's dominance in the metabolome analysis market remains unchanged, the company strengthened the sales system, and sales have increased in all fields and all regions. Orders in Japan, North America and Europe are also strong, and we can expect steady growth in this term as well. With this business as the driver, we want to pay great attention to whether this term will be the first term to record a profit.
At the same time, the biomarker business has also embarked on business operation with a new approach and business model, with early commercialization in mind. It is hard to expect the top line expanding and the business becoming profitable all at once, but we would like to continue to pay close attention to their progress.

＜Reference: Regarding Corporate Governance＞

◎Organization type

◎Corporate Governance Report
Updated on September 30, 2020

<Basic policy>
The group's corporate philosophy is to contribute to the healthy and affluent living of people by conducting research and development based on cutting-edge metabolome analysis technology for the sake of future children. To realize this corporate philosophy and enhance corporate value, the company is working on improving the soundness, transparency, and efficiency of management. The company is working on doing so by strengthening the supervision function of overall management, checking and managing the effectiveness, efficiency, and legal compliance of business execution through the internal control system. Moreover, the company promotes harmonious behavior with all the stakeholders by ensuring the executives' and employees’ awareness of the company’s “shared values” and thorough legal compliance from a long-term perspective.

<Reasons for Non-Compliance with the Principles of the Corporate Governance Code (Excerpts)>
It is mentioned that “Our company follows all of the basic principles of the Corporate Governance Code.”